We consider a new fractional impulsive differential hemivariational inequality, which captures the required characteristics of both the hemivariational inequality and the fractional impulsive differential equation within the same framework. By utilizing a surjectivity theorem and a fixed point theorem we establish an existence and uniqueness theorem for such a problem. Moreover, we investigate the perturbation problem of the fractional impulsive differential hemivariational inequality to prove a convergence result, which describes the stability of the solution in relation to perturbation data. Finally, our main results are applied to obtain some new results for a frictional contact problem with the surface traction driven by the fractional impulsive differential equation.